Chemical anchoring at Via Ferrata - Pombeira Adventure Park - Viseu, Portugal

Chemical anchoring at Via Ferrata

Chemical anchoring

Chemical anchoring at Via Ferrata - Pombeira Adventure Park - Viseu, Portugal

In an investment of over 200,000 euros, the municipality of Castro Daire will create an adventure park in Pombeira, a point of interest on the Water and Stone Route. The project, now awarded, aims to attract tourism to the territory through the enhancement of endogenous resources, especially the natural resources associated with Rede Natura 2000, Paiva River and Montemuro Mountain.

Topic 
Chemical anchoring at Via Ferrata
Object 
Pombeira Adventure Park
City 
Viseu
State 
Castro Daire
Country 
Portugal
Date 
2021
Duration 
9 Months

Situation

The park will provide a series of exploration activities, with particular emphasis on canyoning, which will open up the possibility of the descent to the river bed from the Miradouro area and the Via ferrata. The ascent to the Miradouro area will be made via the Via Ferrata which will be built and which will follow the course of the river, going up and down the rocky walls, alternating between the right and left bank, which will be connected by 3 tibetain points and which will also afford a panoramic view of the magnificent lakes in this location.

For the construction, the lowest environmental impact was taken into account, without ever forgetting maximum safety along the entire route. Based on the demanding regulations concerning the design and development of Via Ferrata (EN 16869: 2017), particularly with regard to the anchoring of the various anchoring elements to the rock (pitons, steps, Tibetan bridge), as well as the supplier's application instructions for this type of solution, an anchoring with high performance was required.

Solution

Positioned along the Via Ferrata on the intermediate horizontal, vertical and oblique sections, the drilling for anchoring the various elements was carried out using suitable, clean and oil-free equipment. A cleaning cycle was then adopted, described as follows: blowing out the hole with an air pump, starting from the bottom (at least twice); complete cleaning of the hole with a steel brush (at least four times) with a diameter larger than the hole; complete and final blowing out with an air pump (twice). Then the high performance epoxy resin for chemical anchoring was injected (dispense the first 3 mixtures of material, until a uniform colour is obtained), in the deepest part of the hole and then slowly pulling back the mixer, carefully avoiding air entrapment inside, until 2/3 of the cavity was filled. The clean and oil-free anchoring element was inserted with rotating movements within the open resin time (gel time). Before the the resin had completely cured (cure time), the anchored element was not moved or placed under load.
The main elements and characteristics to be anchored to equip the Via Ferrata are: 
Safety Pitons: made of high adhesion ribbed duplex steel, 16 mm nominal diameter, with an anchoring depth of 200 mm and hole diameter of 20 mm. The presence of the ribbing on the surface, common to all the elements to be anchored, gives the structure "embedded" in the resin greater resistance to pull off.
Steps: Ø 16 mm galvanised steel, with an anchoring depth of 120 mm and hole diameter of 20 mm. They are 300 mm wide and protrude 150 mm from the rock wall.
Tibetan Bridge: uses anchoring elements with a similar configuration to the studs, but with Ø 18 mm stainless steel, with an anchoring depth of 390 mm and a hole diameter of 22 mm.
Compiling the minimum stresses from the manufacturer of the parts to be anchored (Raumer), with the recommended resin stresses, it can be concluded that the latter exceed the design ones, according to the following summary table.


*The calculation of the recommended loads was based on "ETA-16/0696 of 6th October 2017, assuming as the best approximation of reality the unfavourable conditions of non cracked concrete support C20/25.

Material

70 cartridges of 600 ml S&P ResEP-16 and battery operated resin dispenser

Image Gallery

  • Perspective Via Ferrata 

  • Application of S&P ResEP-16 in rappelling

  • Suspended platform

  • Park implementation area

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